Pro Se
Representing yourself in court without a lawyer.
Pro se (pronounced “pro say”) is a Latin term meaning “for oneself.” A person who is pro se represents themselves in a legal matter without hiring a lawyer. You may also see the term “self-represented litigant” used interchangeably.
Important things to know about going pro se in Minnesota:
- Your right: You have the legal right to represent yourself in most civil cases. In criminal cases, you also have the right to represent yourself, though the court will strongly encourage you to get a lawyer.
- Same rules apply: Pro se litigants are held to the same rules and procedures as attorneys. Courts expect you to follow filing deadlines, rules of evidence, and courtroom procedures.
- Court resources: Minnesota courts offer self-help centers, forms packets, and guides for people representing themselves, particularly for family law, housing, and small claims cases.
- Common in certain cases: Pro se representation is especially common in small claims court, conciliation court, Orders for Protection, and some family law matters.
While you have the right to go pro se, the legal system is complicated. For serious matters, consulting with a lawyer – even briefly – can help you understand your rights and avoid costly mistakes.
Example: A tenant being sued by a landlord in conciliation court decides to represent herself. She files her own response, gathers her evidence, and presents her case to the judge without an attorney.
When someone files court papers or appears in court on their own behalf instead of hiring an attorney.