Security Deposit
Money a tenant pays a landlord before moving in, held as protection against unpaid rent or damage to the rental property.
A security deposit is money you pay your landlord when you sign a lease or move in. The landlord holds this money during your tenancy. If you damage the property beyond normal wear and tear, or if you owe unpaid rent when you leave, the landlord can use the deposit to cover those costs.
In Minnesota, your landlord must return your security deposit within 21 days after you move out. If the landlord keeps any part of your deposit, they must send you an itemized list explaining each deduction. Minnesota law does not require landlords to pay interest on the deposit while they hold it.
If your landlord wrongfully withholds your security deposit, you have the right to take legal action. A court may order the landlord to return your full deposit plus a penalty. Keep a copy of your lease, photos of the unit when you moved in and out, and any communication with your landlord about the deposit.
Why it matters: Your security deposit can be a significant amount of money, often equal to one month of rent. Knowing the 21-day return rule and the requirement for an itemized deduction list helps you hold your landlord accountable and get your money back.
Example: Maria pays $1,200 as a security deposit when she moves into an apartment in St. Paul. When she moves out two years later, she leaves the unit clean and in good condition. Her landlord has 21 days to return the $1,200. If the landlord deducts $200 for carpet cleaning, they must send Maria a written list showing that charge. If the landlord ignores her and keeps the whole deposit without explanation, Maria can file a claim in court to recover her deposit plus penalties.
When signing a lease, moving into a rental, or moving out and waiting for your deposit back